Jiang Shi (meaning "stiff corpse" or "zombie") are reanimated corpses that hop around, killing living creatures to absorb life from their victims from Chinese mythology.
Variants: Hopping Corpse, Pinyin, Xl XlE GUI (“blood- sucking ghost”)
Jiang Shi[]
The Jiang Shi proper comes from the story The Corpse Who Traveled a Thousand Miles. In the story, a wizard enchants corpses to hop home so that they may receive a proper burial and their p’o (soul) can be laid to rest. Because of this, the creature has no self-awareness, consciousness or independent thought. In mythology, they can also be created if the yin is shocked and p’o disrupted, preventing it from leaving the body and is seen in Qing Dynasty burial robes. [1]
Generally, their appearance can range from being a recently-deceased person to the like commonly associated with corpses that have been in a state of decay over a period of time. A peculiar feature is if they have greenish-white furry skin; one theory is this is derived from fungus or mold growing on corpses. They are said to have long white hair all over their heads and they may be animals. The influence of Western vampire stories brought the blood-sucking aspect to the Chinese myth in modern times.
Jiang Shi have also been a popular subject in Hong Kong films during the 1980s. A Jiang Shi was also a main character in the film The Gods Must Be Crazy III.
Creation of Jiangshi[]
The Qing Dynasty scholar Ji Xiaolan mentioned in his book Yuewei Caotang Biji (閱微草堂筆記) that the causes of a corpse being reanimated can be classified in either of two categories: a recently deceased person returning to life, or a corpse that has been buried for a long time but does not decompose. Some causes are described below:
- The use of supernatural arts to resurrect the dead.
- Spirit possession of a dead body.
- A corpse absorbs sufficient yang qi to return to life.
- A person's body is governed by three huns and seven pos. The Qing Dynasty scholar Yuan Mei wrote in his book Zi Bu Yu that "A person's hun is good but his po is evil, his hun is intelligent but his po is not so good". The hun leaves his body after death but his po remains and takes control of the body, so the dead person becomes a Jiangshi.
- The dead person is not buried even after a funeral has been held. The corpse comes to life after it is struck by a bolt of lightning, or when a pregnant cat (or a black cat in some tales) leaps across the coffin.
- When a person's soul fails to leave the deceased's body, due to improper death, suicide, or just wanting to cause trouble.]
- A person injured by a Jiangshi is infected with the "Jiangshi Virus" and gradually changes into a Jiangshi over time, as seen in the Mr. Vampire films.
Ch’ing Shih[]

Ch’ing Shih
Variants: Chiang-Shi, Chiang Shih, Ch’iang-Shih, Ch’ing-Shih, Ch’ling Shih, Gaing Shi, “The Hopping Vampire of Asia,” Kiang-Kouei, Kiang Shi, Kiang-Shi, Kiangshi, Kouei, Kuang-Shi, Kuang-Shii, Kyonshi, Xianhshi
The Encyclopedia of Vampire Mythology lists the similarly sounding Ch’ing Shih as a different type of vampire from the above. The Ch’ing Shih is blind and can only be active in moonlight. Early in its existence the Ch'iang Shich shapeshifts into a Corpse Candle. However at maturity it can fly, track its prey by scent, and take the form of a wolf.[2]
The Ch’ing Shih has "red eyes, curved fingernails, serrated teeth and pale green-white skin that gives off a phosphorescent glow. As it ages, its hair continues to grow and changes from whatever its current color is to pure white. When it has a long and full mane of hai, it is considered physically matured." Unlike the Jiang Shi the Ch'iang Shich is self aware and will rape women before devouring them.
Ch'iang Shich[]
"Ch’iang Shich have two forms. The first is the traditional form of the vampire, the uncorrupted corpse of a mortal being, often of great physical beauty. This form is suitable for Mandarin lords and vengeful seductresses. The other form relates to Chinese burial customs. Soil conditions and burial shrouds conspire to produce a fine white or pale green mold upon the corpses, hence the more monstrous Ch’iang Shich are described as being covered with white or greenish hair. Regardless of form, the Ch’iang Shich is often given away by its prodigious talons and red, glowing eyes."[3]
Gallery[]
References[]
- Bane, Theresa (2010) Encyclopedia of Vampire Mythology McFarland pg 75 (under Hopping Corpse)
- Bane, Theresa (2010) Encyclopedia of Vampire Mythology McFarland pg 44-45
- ↑ Bane, Theresa (2010). Encyclopedia of Vampire Mythology. pg 75
- ↑ Bane, Theresa (2010). Encyclopedia of Vampire Mythology. pg 44-45
- ↑ GURPS Blood Types pg 87